That is the problem, there is no difference in the factory models pre 1989 vs 1989. The modern reproductions have differences in the scabbard as I recall. There are many theories about telling which factory models were actually produced before 1989. I do not think you can really tell. I have one "General;s" dagger left that, because of the grip color and age I believe was pre 1989. But the price is the same on all. Sorry I could not be of more help.