Cast means it has been made from a casting mold, usually of an original ring. It's a copy. There are lots of casting methods- if you get a chance, google it- investment, lost wax, etc. Generally speaking, the main way these ring were made is by a pressed die, also called "die-struck" rings. They could be pressed, stamped, maybe even made through a rolling block - but the character traits are thin banded, light pieces from die struck rings- at least in terms of these kantinenrings. The consensus is that honor rings were made the same way, not poured into casting molds. The member "hapur" reproduces beautifully done personalized honor rings on the traditional die struck way. Some believe however that these rings were cast (I don't) but to each their own.